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Anbu Coconut Farm

TamilNadu · India

India's first in global coconut production. Grown across 2.08 million hectares, yielding 23,954 billion nuts annually — with a productivity of 11,505 nuts per hectare.


5.14M ac
Coconut Area
23,954M
Nuts per Year
4,656
Nuts / Acre
India's Coconut Industry

India ranks first
in global coconut production.

The crop is grown across 2.08 million hectares, producing 23,954 million nuts annually with a productivity of 11,505 nuts per hectare. Four Southern States - Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh - together account for 90% of India's coconut output.

State-wise Production Share

90% of India's coconut output comes from four Southern states.

36.89%
Karnataka
25.20%
Tamil Nadu
22.01%
Kerala
~6%
Andhra Pradesh
Climate Requirements
Mean Annual Temp.
30°C
With 5-7°C diurnal variation
Annual Rainfall
1300-2300 mm
Well distributed preferred
Humidity
High
Equatorial climate
Soil Suitability

Coconut tolerates a wide pH range of 5.0-8.0, including salinity. Good drainage, water-holding capacity, and the absence of hard substratum within 2 m are essential.

Laterite soilPorous, iron-rich soil with good drainage and strong root aeration.
Coastal sandy soilWell-drained light texture that supports palms with timely irrigation.
Alluvial soilDeep and fertile profile that improves steady nutrient availability.
Reclaimed marshy lowlandsSuitable when raised beds and drainage channels are maintained properly.
Varieties of Coconut

Three distinct variety groups

Nana Group

Shorter stature. Grown mainly for tender coconuts and establishing parent material in hybrid seed production. Nuts are smaller with soft, leathery copra and low oil content.

Height
5–7 m
Lifespan
40–50 years
Bearing
3–4 years
Notable Cultivars
Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD)Chowghat Green Dwarf (CGD)Chowghat Yellow Dwarf (CYD)Malayan Green Dwarf (MGD)Malayan Orange Dwarf (MOD)Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD)Ganga Bondam (GB)
Yield Estimator

Calculate your expected harvest

Adjust the inputs below — results update instantly based on CDB productivity norms.

FarmArea
1acre
TotalPalms
72
Nuts/ Year
5,760
Coconut Variety
Select your primary variety group
Planting Spacing
Higher density = more palms per acre
Revenue Breakdown
Estimated annual earnings by coconut use
Tender Coconut
Fresh / water coconut · 25% of yield
₹43,200
1,440 nuts
Copra
Dried kernel for oil · 60% of yield
₹76,032
3,456 nuts
Coir Fibre
Husk-based fibre · 15% of yield
₹4,320
864 nuts
Total Estimated Revenue
Annual · indicative market prices
₹123,552

Note — Prices are indicative. Actual revenue varies with market rates, soil, irrigation, and farm management practices.

Pest & Disease Management

Protecting the grove with clarity and confidence

A refined guide for growers to identify threats quickly, understand the symptoms clearly, and apply the right interventions with confidence.

PestInsect

Rhinoceros Beetle

Oryctes rhinoceros

High
Active window

June – September

PestInsect

Red Palm Weevil

Rhynchophorus ferrugineus

Very High
Active window

Year round

PestMite

Eriophyid Mite

Aceria guerreronis

Moderate
Active window

Dry season

DiseaseFungal

Bud Rot

Phytophthora palmivora

High
Active window

Monsoon season

DiseaseFungal

Stem Bleeding

Thielaviopsis paradoxa

High
Active window

July – November

DiseasePhytoplasma

Root Wilt / Kerala Wilt

Phytoplasma sp.

Very High
Active window

Year round

Seasonal Calendar

A year in the coconut grove

Month-by-month operations, pest watches, and seasonal milestones for a productive coconut farm.

JAN
Winter
  • Maintain irrigation
  • Monitor for Red Palm Weevil
FEB
Winter
  • Maintain irrigation
  • Apply Bordeaux paste if needed
MAR
Summer
  • Water 45 L per palm every 4 days
  • Monitor Eriophyid Mite
APR
Summer
  • 1st fertilizer dose (SW Monsoon showers)
  • Sow green manure crops
MAY
Pre-Monsoon
  • Green manure sowing
  • Collect seednuts for nursery
  • Nursery sowing begins
JUN
SW Monsoon
  • Nursery sowing (May–June)
  • Main planting season begins
  • Rhinoceros Beetle active — apply neem cake
JUL
SW Monsoon
  • Rhinoceros Beetle peak (Jun–Sep)
  • Stem Bleeding onset (Jul–Nov)
  • Watch for Bud Rot in young palms
AUG
SW Monsoon
  • Incorporate green manure into soil
  • Stem Bleeding monitoring
  • Rhinoceros Beetle traps
SEP
NE Monsoon
  • 2nd fertilizer dose
  • Rhinoceros Beetle active till Sep
  • Seedling selection at 9–12 months
OCT
NE Monsoon
  • 2nd fertilizer dose (Oct)
  • Pit preparation for next season
  • Drainage maintenance
NOV
Post-Monsoon
  • Stem Bleeding monitoring (till Nov)
  • Basin preparation
  • Apply organic manure
DEC
Winter
  • Seednut collection begins (Dec–May)
  • Apply Bordeaux paste on trunks
Key Annual Events
Dec – MaySeednut Collection
May – JunNursery Sowing
Jun – SepRhinoceros Beetle Season
Jul – NovStem Bleeding Watch
Apr & Sep–OctFertilizer Application
Apr – SepGreen Manure Cycle
45 L
Irrigation per palm every 4 days during summer months
Basin irrigation is recommended. Drip irrigation saves water significantly.
Cultivation Process

From seednut to field

Eight carefully structured steps take a coconut palm from nursery selection to field planting, as prescribed by India's Coconut Development Board.

Preparation01

Nursery Site Selection

Select well-drained, light-textured, irrigated soil for the nursery. The site should have access to water for regular watering during dry months and be free from shading.

Selection02

Mother Palm Selection

Choose a 40–80 year old mother palm bearing at least 80 nuts per annum, carrying 30 or more green leaves, and yielding a minimum of 12 bunches per year with good-quality nuts.

Seed Collection03

Seednut Selection

Collect fully mature seednuts 11 or more months after pollination. Seednuts should weigh 600 g or more in the husked condition and yield a minimum of 150 g of dry copra per nut.

Timing04

Seed Collection Period

Collect seednuts between December and May for sowing in May–June coinciding with the onset of the South-West Monsoon, so seedlings benefit from natural rainfall.

Nursery05

Nursery Bed Preparation

Prepare beds 1.5 m wide at a raised level. Plant seednuts 30 cm apart within rows and 60 cm between rows. Cover with soil up to the shoulder and mulch with coconut fronds.

Transplanting06

Seedling Selection

At 9–12 months, select seedlings with a collar girth of 10–12 cm, 6 or more leaves, and short, stout stems. Expected recovery is 60–65 % of sown seednuts.

Field Work07

Pit Preparation

Dig pits of 1 × 1 × 1 m in loamy soil, 1.2 × 1.2 × 1.2 m in laterite soil, and 0.75 × 0.75 × 0.75 m in sandy soil. Expose to sun for 2–3 weeks before filling.

Planting08

Planting

Plant at a spacing of 7.5 × 7.5 m (square system) — 177 palms/ha. Triangular planting at 7.6 m gives 198 palms/ha. Plant at the onset of monsoon and provide irrigation during dry weather.